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Stepper Motors (Precise Millimeter Control) | NexaLearn IoT Lab | NexaLearn

Motors30 دقيقة

Stepper Motors (Precise Millimeter Control)

Control with fractions of a millimeter precision (like in 3D printers).

Lesson Content

A stepper motor doesn't spin freely — it moves in 'steps' (e.g., 200 steps for a full rotation). This allows specifying angle, speed, and position with extreme precision without external sensors. It requires a dedicated driver (like A4988) for precise control, or ULN2003 for small cheap motors (28BYJ-48).

Components Needed

Arduino Uno28BYJ-48 Stepper MotorULN2003 Driver

Wiring Notes

Connect driver pins IN1 to IN4 to digital pins (8, 9, 10, 11). The small motor needs a powerful 5V source.

Code Example

#include <Stepper.h>
const int stepsPerRevolution = 2048;
Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, 8, 10, 9, 11);
void setup() {
  myStepper.setSpeed(10);
}
void loop() {
  myStepper.step(stepsPerRevolution); // دورة كاملة
  delay(1000);
  myStepper.step(-stepsPerRevolution); // عكس الدوران
  delay(1000);
}

Common Mistakes

The pin order for the 28BYJ-48 in the Stepper() function is NOT sequential. You must write 8, 10, 9, 11 for smooth rotation — otherwise the motor will vibrate and not rotate.

Next Lesson

Multiplying Ports (Shift Register 74HC595)